National Bio Gas Program,
Runtime: 1m 7s | Views: 3680 | Comments: 0
Login to Rate Video
Write Comments
Flag This Video
More Videos
Comment On This Video
 

Please help keep this site FUN, CLEAR, and REAL..
Flag this video : Feature This! - Innappropiate

Video Information
 
Rating (0 votes): Not yet rated
Added: 30-01-2011
From: NAZ ( Send PM )
(421) | (0) | (0)

Description:
National bio gas program (Punjab) Pakistan BACKGROUNDS The pressure of population has reduced Pakistan's forests to a few scrubby trees way out on the horizon, causing extreme fuel shortages in rural areas. To compensate for this, about three quarters of the billion tons of animals manure produced annually is burned for heating or cooking. Anyone who has visited India will remember the acrid smell of burning manure. This however causes tremendous medical problems. The acrid smoke leads to endemic eye disease, and the drying manure is a perfect breeding ground for flies of all types. The manure would also go a long way to improving the quality of the soil and hence increasing the harvest if these valuable minerals were returned to it instead of going up in smoke. National bio gas program offer (6 m3 to 18 m3 ) small and medium bio gas plants is generally used for cooking and lighting purposes. Large units (25 m3 ,35 m3 , 50 m3 )or more mega units produce this gas in large quantities and can be used to peter engines (tube wells) and generators for power generation. INTRODUCTION OF BIO GAS Biogas originates from bacteria in the process of bio-degradation of organic material under anaerobic (without air) conditions. In the absence of oxygen, anaerobic bacteria decompose organic matter and produce a gas mainly composed of methane (60%) and carbon dioxide called biogas. This gas can be compared to natural gas which is 99% methane. Fixed-dome bio gas plant (Ideal for Pakistan) The costs of a fixed-dome biogas plant are relatively low. It is simple as no moving parts exist. There are also no rusting steel parts and hence a long life of the plant (20 years or more) can be expected. The plant is constructed underground, protecting it from physical damage and saving space. While the underground digester is protected from low temperatures at night and during cold seasons, sunshine and warm seasons take longer to heat up the digester. No day/night fluctuations of temperature in the digester positively influence the bacteriological processes. The construction of fixed dome plants is labor-intensive, thus creating local employment. Fixed-dome plants are not easy to build. They should only be built where construction can be supervised by experienced biogas technicians. Otherwise plants may not be gas-tight (porosity and cracks). The facts about biogas: Cow dung gas is 55-65% methane, 30-35% carbon dioxide, with some hydrogen, nitrogen and other traces. Its heating value is around 600 B.T.U. per cubic foot. Natural gas consists of around 80 % methane, yielding a B.T.U. value of about 1000. Biogas may be improved by filtering it through limewater to remove carbon dioxide, iron filings to absorb corrosive hydrogen sulphide and calcium chloride to extract water vapor after the other two processes. Cow dung slurry is composed of 1.8-2.4% nitrogen (N2), 1.0-1.2% phosphorus (P2O5), 0.6-0.8% potassium (K2O) and 50-75% organic humus. About one cubic foot of gas may be generated from one pound of cow manure at around 28°C. This is enough gas to cook a day's meals for 4-6 people in Pakistan. About 1.7 cubic meters of biogas equals one liter of gasoline. The manure produced by one cow in one year can be converted to methane which is the equivalent of over 200 liters of gasoline. Gas engines require about 0.5 m3 of methane per horsepower per hour. Some care must be taken with the lubrication of engines using solely biogas due to the "dry" nature of the fuel and some residual hydrogen sulphide; otherwise these are a simple conversion of a gasoline engine. Prog. Incharge Ch saeed tamanai National bio gas program (Punjab) Pakistan E-mail; tamannai99@hotmail.com Cell;03007669599,03127669599
Channels: Science & Technology 
Tags: National  bio  gas  program  (Punjab)  Pakistan 

Video URL :
Embed URL:
Loading...